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AlmaLinux 10 Frequently asked questions

How do I switch to a different version of PHP?

Execute the following command:

sudo dnf module switch-to php:remi-{major}.{minor} -y

where {major}.{minor} is one of the supported PHP versions: 8.4, 8.3, 8.2 and 8.1.

Additionally, our setup includes predefined aliases for executing the above command. The aliases are the following:

  • php81: switch to PHP 8.1
  • php82: switch to PHP 8.2
  • php83: switch to PHP 8.3
  • php84: switch to PHP 8.4

After switching to a different PHP version, test with the following command:

php -v

Depending on the selected PHP version, the output should look similar to the below:

PHP 8.4.8 (cli) (built: Jun  3 2025 16:29:26) (NTS gcc x86_64)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Built by Remi's RPM repository <https://rpms.remirepo.net/> #StandWithUkraine
Zend Engine v4.4.8, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

How do I switch to a different version of Node.js?

Execute the following commands:

sudo dnf remove nodejs -y
curl -fsSL https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_{major}.x | sudo bash -
sudo dnf install nodejs -y

where {major} is the Node.js version you want to switch to.

Additionally, our setup includes predefined aliases for the above commands. The aliases are the following:

  • node22: switch to Node.js 22
  • node20: switch to Node.js 20
  • node18: switch to Node.js 18

After switching to a different Node.js version, test with the following command:

node -v

How do I fix common permission issues?

If running your project, you encounter permission issues, follow the below steps.

Error

PHP Fatal error: Uncaught InvalidArgumentException: The directory "<path-to-project>/data" is not writable...

PHP Fatal error: Uncaught InvalidArgumentException: The directory "<path-to-project>/data/cache" is not writable...

PHP Fatal error: Uncaught InvalidArgumentException: The directory "<path-to-project>/data/cache/doctrine" is not writable...

Solution

chmod -R 777 data

Error

PHP Fatal error: Uncaught InvalidArgumentException: The directory "<path-to-project>/public/uploads" is not writable...

Solution

chmod -R 777 public/uploads

Error

PHP Fatal error: Uncaught ErrorException: fopen(<path-to-project>/log/error-log-yyyy-mm-dd.log): Failed to open stream: Permission denied...

Solution

chmod -R 777 log

Where are the error log files?

From time to time, you are encountering various errors which are not displayed. Or you can get errors 500 in a browser.

To find the error messages, you need to read the error log files.

Apache log files

/var/log/httpd/error_log

PHP-FPM log files

/var/log/php-fpm/error.log
/var/log/php-fpm/www-error.log

How do I update Composer?

Before updating, check your current Composer version by executing:

composer --version

The output should be similar to:

Composer version 2.8.5 2025-01-21 15:23:40
PHP version 8.3.20 (/usr/bin/php)
Run the "diagnose" command to get more detailed diagnostics output.

Update Composer using its own self-update command:

sudo /usr/local/bin/composer self-update

The output should be similar to:

Upgrading to version 2.8.8 (stable channel).

Use composer self-update --rollback to return to version 2.8.5

After updating, check again your Composer version by executing:

composer --version

The output should be similar to:

Composer version 2.8.8 2025-04-04 16:56:46
PHP version 8.3.20 (/usr/bin/php)
Run the "diagnose" command to get more detailed diagnostics output.

How do I update phpMyAdmin?

Being installed as a system package, it can be updated using the command which updates the rest of the system packages:

sudo dnf upgrade -y

How do I upgrade MariaDB ?

Initially, MariaDB was at version 11.4 LTS. In case you want to upgrade to a different version, for instance 11.8 LTS, use the below steps:

  • Open the MariaDB.repo file in any text editor.
sudo nano /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo
  • Modify the baseurl variable to match the desired version, for instance 11.8 instead of 11.4.
  • Clean dnf cache
sudo dnf clean all
  • Stop MariaDB
sudo systemctl stop mariadb
  • Upgrade MariaDB
sudo dnf update -y
  • Start MariaDB
sudo systemctl start mariadb
  • Upgrade databases
sudo mariadb-upgrade -uroot -p
  • Restart MariaDB
sudo systemctl restart mariadb

How do I create command aliases?

From either your terminal or file explorer, navigate to your home directory (/home/<your-username>/).

Using your preferred text editor, open the file: .bash_profile (if it does not exist, creat it first).

Move to the end of the file and enter on a new line:

alias command_alias="command to execute"

where:

  • command_alias is the name by which you want to call your original command
  • command to execute: the original command to be executed on alias call

Example

alias list_files="ls -Al"

will create an alias called list_files that will run the command ls -Al.

Then, you can execute your custom alias in a terminal just as a regular command:

list_files